我国植物新品种权保护的缺陷及其完善

The Flaw of the New Plant Variety Rights Protection and Its Perfection in China

对植物新品种权的保护有利于育成和推广更多的植物新品种,鼓励更多的组织和个人向植物育种领域投资,从而推动我国的种子工程建设,促进农林两业生产的不断发展。通过对我国植物新品种权保护现状的分析,对比国际植物新品种保护公约1991年文本,总结出我国植物新品种权保护在法律位阶、保护范围、权利内容、保护期限、权利限制和禁止性规定等方面存在主要缺陷;并在此基础上,提出我国应加入国际植物新品种保护公约1991年文本,制定《植物新品种保护法》,从立法目的、扩大保护范围、拓展权利内容、延长保护时间、明确农民"自繁自用"含义,以及保持与其他相关法律、法规的协调统一等方面,提升植物新品种保护条例的法律位阶,全面加强对我国植物新品种权的保护。

The protection of the new plant variety rights is beneficial both to cultivate the new plant variety and popularize the new plant variety. It encourages more and more organizations and individuals to invest money in the area of plant breeding. Thus,it will promotes the construction of seed and the development of agriculture and forestry. Through analysis on the present situation of new plant variety protection and contrast with the International Convention on the Protection of New Variety of Plants 1991 text,the main flaws of new plant variety rights in legal ranks,scope of protection,content of the right,length of protection,limitation of the right and prohibitive provisions were summarized.And on this basis,this paper makes suggestion that China should enter into the International Convention on The Protection of New Variety of Plants 1991 text. Furthermore,we should legislate the Law of the New Plant Variety Protection. In order to prove the New Plant Variety System and enhance the overall protection of it,we should carry on from legislative intent,expanding the scope of protection,the content of the right,and the guard time,making sure the meaning of the＂breeder breed and use on their own holding＂,and also keep the various laws and regulations coordinated.