中山市南朗镇外来务工人员随迁子女泌尿系结石危险因素调查

Risk Factors for Urinary Calculi in Children of Migrant Workers in Nanlang Town of Zhongshan

目的分析外来务工人员随迁子女泌尿系结石的患病特征及影响因素。方法通过体检资料获得南朗镇外来务工人员随迁子女（W组）和本地子女（B组）4~10岁儿童各1 260例。采用自制调查问卷收集泌尿系结石的影响因素信息并进行统计学分析。结果泌尿系结石患病率W组（3.14%）高于B组（1.75%）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=6.964,P=0.008）;饮水达标率W组（36.0%）低于B组（81.9%）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=549.979,P〈0.001）;尿道感染率W组（46.5%）高于B组（22.7%）,但差异无统计学意义（χ^2=3.478、P=0.062）;2组高钙尿发生比例比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.017,P=0.896）;父母对预防小儿泌尿系结石知识评分W组为（2.39±1.913）分,低于B组的（4.12±1.791）分,差异有统计学意义（t=23.433,P〈0.001）。结论外来务工人员随迁子女泌尿系结石患病率高于本地户籍儿童。小儿泌尿系结石可能与饮水量不足、父母对预防小儿泌尿系结石知识知晓度有关。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of urinary calculi and its influencing factors in children of migrant workers in Nanlang.Methods The factors influencing urinary calculi were investigated in 1 260 children of migrant workers（group W）and 1 260 local children（group B）in Nanlang using the self-designed questionnaires.Data were analyzed statistically.Results The prevalence of urinary calculi,rate of drinking water complying with standard,incidence of urinary tract infection and urinary calculi knowledge score of parents were,respectively,3.14%,36.0%,46.5%and（2.39±1.913）in group W,and 1.75%,81.9%,22.7% and（4.12±1.791）in group B.There were significant differences in the prevalence of urinary calculi（χ^2=6.964,P=0.008）,rate of drinking water complying with standard（χ^2=549.979,P〈0.001）and urinary calculi knowledge score of parents（t=23.433,P〈0.001）between the two groups.No significant differences in the incidences of urinary tract infection（χ^2=3.478,P=0.062）and hypercalciuria（χ^2=0.017,P=0.896）were found between the two groups.Conclusion The prevalence of urinary calculi among children of migrant workers is higher than that among local children.The occurrence of urinary calculi in children may be related to the insufficient water intake and the degree of knowledge of parents about the prevention of urinary calculi.