惠州市650名急诊护士流感疫苗接种情况调查和影响因素分析

Investigation and influencing factors analysis of the flu vaccination on the 650 emergency nurses in Huizhou City

目的:调查惠州市急诊护士2013年流感疫苗接种情况并对其影响因素进行分析。方法:对惠州市各级医院急诊护士进行问卷调查,调查其流感疫苗接种情况并采用logistic回归分析方法分析影响急诊护士流感疫苗接种情况的相关因素。结果:共发放672份调查问卷,回收650份有效调查问卷,问卷有效回收率为96.73%,650名急诊护士流感疫苗接种率为43.69%(284/650)。不接种流感疫苗的主要原因是认为自身免疫力强,不需要(35.79%)。在单因素分析中,急诊护士流感疫苗接种率分别与文化程度、医疗机构级别、职称、是否接种过季节性流感疫苗、认为流感疫苗是否安全、认为流感疫苗是否有效相关(P<0.05);在多因素分析中,急诊护士流感疫苗接种率与是否接种过季节性流感疫苗、认为流感疫苗是否安全、认为流感疫苗是否有效相关(P<0.05)。结论:是否接种过季节性流感疫苗、认为流感疫苗是否安全、认为流感疫苗是否有效是急诊护士流感疫苗接种的相对独立因素,加强对流感疫苗安全性及流感疫苗知识宣传教育,有利于提高流感疫苗接种率。

Objective： To investigate the flu vaccination on 650 emergency nurses on Huizhou City and analyze the influencing factors. Methods： To investigate the flu vaccination of the emergency nurses on Huizhou City through questionnaire,and analysis the influencing factors related to influenza vaccination by logistic regression analysis. Results： A total of 672 questionnaires were issued,and 650 valid questionnaires were recovered. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 96. 73%. The influenza vaccination rate of 650 emergency nurses was 43. 69%（ 284 /650）,and the main reason why they had not vaccinate was their immunity strong,do not need vaccination（ 35. 79%）. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were correlation between the rates of emergency nurse flu vaccination and diploma degree,medical institution level,title,vaccination history with the seasonal flu vaccine,safety of flu vaccine,effectiveness of influenza vaccine（ P〈0. 05）. The data from multiple factors analysis showed that there were correlation between the rates of emergency nurse flu vaccination and vaccination history with the seasonal flu vaccine,safety of flu vaccine,effectiveness of influenza vaccine（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： vaccination history with the seasonal flu vaccine,safety of flu vaccine and effectiveness of influenza vaccine are relatively independent factors of emergency nurses influenza vaccination. Improving the education of influenza vaccine is helpful to increase the influenza vaccination rate in emergency nurse.