动车组车体传热系数计算方法对比分析

Comparison of calculation methods about heat transfer coefficient of Electric Multiple Unit

列车车体传热性能影响列车空调负荷及车室内热环境.动车组在高速化发展中,车体不断轻量化改进,新型的车体构造中,存在诸多热桥结构,给计算车体传热性能带来很多困难.以某动车组车体为例,按照有关标准中的计算方法及仿真方法分别计算了车体传热系数.将以上几种计算结果与实车测试结果进行了比较,现有标准中的算法与实测值偏差在20%左右,而仿真计算法偏差在10%以内.在无法进行实车测试时,建议采用仿真计算方法.

The thermal character of train affects air-conditioning loads and thermal environment of the passenger car.With the rapid development of electric multiple unit（EMU）,the body of the unit needs to be lightened,as brings about many new body structures.The thermal bridge structures in the new body structure result in difficulties in calculating the heat transfer performance of train body.Taking an EMU body as an example,body heat transfer coefficient is calculated in accordance with the relevant standards and simulation method respectively.Compared with the real vehicle test results,the deviation between results by the existing standards and the real vehicle test results is about 20%,while the deviation between results calculated by simulation and the real vehicle test results is less than 10%.When real vehicle test could not be carried on,the calculating methods by simulation are proposed.