利用血清中HCV抗体与HCV-RNA检测筛查丙型肝炎患者

Study on screening of hepatitis C patients by serum HCV antibody and HCV-RNA testing

目的比较逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测HCV-RNA和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)对在丙型肝炎诊断中的对比分析的结果是否存在差异。方法随机选择200份血清标本(其中强制戒毒人员血清标本150件、VCT门诊10件、美沙酮门诊20件、妇教所20件),分别开展HCV-RNA和抗-HCV检测。结果 200份标本中抗-HCV和HCV-RNA检测结果均阳性者61例,占30.5%(61/200);抗-HCV阴性、HCV-RNA阳性29例,占14.5%(29/200);抗-HCV阳性、HCV-RNA阴性19例,占9.5%(19/200);两者均阴性的91例,占45.5%(91/200)。2种方法总符合率为76%,两者检测结果经统计学分析差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同人群两种检测结果一致性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),VCT门诊两种检测结果一致性显著高于其他人群。结论抗-HCV抗体检测和荧光定量RT-PCR检测HCV-RNA,在实际工作中两者同时检测,可提高检出率。

Objective To compare the difference between HCV-RNA detection with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（ RT-PCR） and hepatitis C virus antibody（ anti-HCV） detection with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） in the diagnosis of hepatitis C. Methods 200 serum samples（ 150 from drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation,10 from VCT clinic,20 from methadone clinic and 20 from Women＇s Re-education Center） were taken randomly and tested for HCV-RNA and anti-HCV. Results Both anti-HCV and HCV-RNA were positive in 61 samples（ 30. 5%） and both of them were negative in 91 samples（ 45. 5%）. 29 samples（ 14. 5%） detected anti-HCV negative and HCV-RNA positive.19 samples（ 9. 5%） were anti-HCV positive and HCV-RNA negative. The coincidence rate of two methods was 76%. The testing results of two methods had no significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. However,the consistent rates of the results using two methods were significant difference in different groups. The consistent rate in samples that collected from VCT clinic was significantly higher than those in other groups. Conclusion Anti-HCV test and HCV-RNA detection by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR could be together used in sample testing,which might improve the detection rate of hepatitis C.