北京市海淀区一起医院妇科流感暴发疫情调查

Investigation of an influenza outbreak in gynecological ward of hospital in Haidian district,Beijing

目的对北京市海淀区某医院出现流感样病例暴发疫情进行调查处置,分析流行特征和影响因素,控制疫情减少续发病例,为医院流感控制提供科学指导。方法采用现场流行病学调查处理此次疫情,分析其流行病学特征,并对采集的标本用RT-PCR方法进行病原学检测。结果该医院自2014年3月17-20日,共报告流感样病例11例,均来自妇科病区,其中医务人员9例,罹患率为13.0%,病房患者2例,罹患率为4.1%。采集6例病例咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,5例实验室诊断为流感阳性,初步判定为一起甲型流感引起的流感样病例暴发疫情。结论首发病例未进行隔离、医生办公室空气对流不畅和医务人员流感疫苗接种率低是引起此次流感暴发疫情的主要原因。医疗机构应加强院感监测,医务人员规范上岗;加强传染病症状监测,早期发现和正确处置疫情;积极开展健康教育,推广流感疫苗接种,有利于及时控制疫情。

Objective To investigate and control influenza-like cases outbreak in a hospital of Haidian District,analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influence factors,so as to provide a scientific evidence for hospital infection control.Methods Field epidemiological investigation was used in epidemic control and character analysis. RT-PCR method was enrolled in samples testing. Results Total 11 influenza-like cases reported from this hospital during March 17 to 20,2014 and all came from gynecological ward. Among them,9 were medical staff and 2 were patients,the attack rate were 13. 0% and 4. 1%respectively. 6 pharyngeal swab specimens were collected and tested for influenza virus nucleic acid. 5 specimens were influenza A positive,which confirmed the outbreak caused by influenza A. Conclusion Non-isolation of the first case,inadequate ventilation of staff office and low influenza vaccination overage were the main reasons for disease outbreak. Hospital infection monitoring,symptoms surveillance and medical personnel management should be enhanced in medical facilities to ensure disease early detection and proper management. Meanwhile,health education and influenza vaccination also played an important role in timely epidemic control.