非损伤技术研究天山马鹿性别比与冬季家域

Sex ratio and winter home range of Tianshan red deer(Cervus elaphus songaricus) by noninvasive method

利用5对微卫星对331堆粪便进行个体识别,发现喀拉乌成山小渠子地区73堆粪便来自32头马鹿,白杨沟64堆粪便来自28头马鹿,哈密东天山国家森林公园的白石头地区87堆粪便来自66头马鹿,松树塘地区41堆粪便来自32头马鹿,寒气沟地区66堆粪便来自42头马鹿。利用SRY基因鉴定的天山马鹿雌雄比是1.78∶1~2.89∶1,粪便形态鉴定的结果是1.62∶1~2.40∶1,两种方法获得的结果无统计学差异。冬季雌雄马鹿家域范围分别是1.24~1.71 km2和1.02~1.57 km2,雌雄性家域范围差异不大,这是由天山马鹿自身习性决定的。

Red deer feces was collected from the National Forest Park at east Tianshan mountains and Karawushen mountains to study the sex ratio and home range using noninvasive method. The sex ratio was 1.78∶1-2.89∶1 obtained by SRY gene identification,and 1.62∶1-2.40∶1 by morphological identification of the feces, which do not differ significantly by T-test. The home ranges of male and female red deer were 1.02-1.57 km2 and 1.57-1.71 km2, respectively, without significant difference. The home ranges of some deer were overlapped in the National Forest Park at east Tianshan mountains, which is decided by their habits and characteristics.