基于MaxEnt分析金钱松适生的生物气候特征

Analysis of Suitable Bioclimatic Characteristics of Pseudolarix amabilis by Using MaxEnt Model

【目的】利用Max Ent模型分析金钱松适生的生物气候特征,为金钱松林业生产提供科学依据。【方法】从我国4个标本馆获取金钱松43个标本记录数据,并从World Clim网站下载1950—2000年生物气候数据,用最大熵模型（Max Ent）模拟金钱松的地理分布,检测其生物气候主导因子及其适宜值。【结果】金钱松最适宜（分布值为0.73~1.0）分布的地区是湖南东部、湖北东南部、江西的东北部、安徽的南部、浙江西北部和其东部沿海地区,其余具分布值0.37~0.73的区域是以上这些高分布值区域的向外连续延伸。刀切法检测表明：冷季均温、干季均温、暖季降雨量对金钱松的分布影响较大,其中冷季均温适宜值为1.15~8.1℃,最适值为4.62℃;干季均温适宜值为2.7~11.9℃,最适值为7.3℃;暖季降雨量适宜值为45.6~734.4 mm,最适值为546.9 mm。【结论】Max Ent模拟可信度较高,精确反映出金钱松的地理分布范围,并阐明主导其分布的3个生物气候因子,揭示金钱松在地理分布上所需的定量生物气候条件。

【Objective】Suitable bioclimatic characteristics of Pseudolarix amabilis were analyzed by using the Max Ent model to provide a scientific basis of forestry production of P. amabili.【Method】Geography distribution pattern of P.amabilis was simulated by using Max Ent model based on the 43 specimen distribution records from four herbarium in China,and the bioclimatic data during period from 1950 to 2000 downloaded from the World Clim website. Bioclimatic dominant factors and their appropriate ranges of values were also investigated. The results showed that the most suitable distribution area（ with distribuition value of 0. 73- 1. 0） for P. amabilis was in the eastern of Hunan,the southeastorn of Hubei,the northeastern of Jiangxi,the southern of Anhui,the northwest region and the northeast coastal mountains of Zhejiang. The remaining regions with distribution value of 0. 37- 0. 73 were stretched area of the above high distribution value regions. The Jackknife Test indicated that bio11（ mean temperature of coldest quarter）,bio9（ mean temperature of driest quarter） and bio18（ precipitation of warmest quarter） had the great contribution to the distribution of P. amabilis.Suitable values range of bio11, bio9, and bio18 was 1. 15- 8. 1 ℃,2. 7- 11. 9 ℃, and 45. 6- 734. 4 mm,respectively. The most suitable value was 4. 62 ℃,7. 3 ℃,and 546. 9 mm,respectively. 【Conclusion 】The Max Ent model had high reliability to determine the geographic distribution range of P. amabilis,and to identify three dominant bioclimatic factors for geographic distribution of P. amabilis. In addition,the results revealed the quantitative bioclimatic conditions required for geographic distribution of P. amabilis.