反复上呼吸道感染与婴幼儿饮食结构的相关性研究

Correlation between recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and infants diet research

目的探讨婴幼儿饮食结构与反复上呼吸道感染的关系。方法对270例足月正常产并反复上呼吸道感染患儿进行问卷调查(病例组),选择同期于本院体检的健康儿童270例作为对照组。采集两组研究对象出生、抚育、生长发育及既往病史等基本信息,分析饮食结构与反复上呼吸道感染的关系,对饮食结构中影响反复上呼吸道感染的多因素进行Logistic回归分析,比较两组研究对象血清微量元素、免疫球蛋白(Ig)及T细胞亚群水平。结果 Logistic回归分析表明,未按时添加维生素A+D、肉类蛋白类、蔬菜水果类及喜甜食、经常饮用煲汤是反复上呼吸道感染的危险因素。病例组患儿血清维生素D3、锌、铁、铜、镁、Ig G、Ig A、Ig M、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平均低于对照组,CD8+水平明显高于对照组,差异均具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿不良饮食习惯与反复上呼吸道感染发作密切相关,合理的饮食结构和指导在预防和治疗小儿反复上呼吸道感染的发生发展中具有重要作用。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the infant dietary structure with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Method 270 cases of full-term normal birth and children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections were chose and received questionnaire survey, and another 270 normal children from the same hospital were included into control group. Acquisited the born, tending growth and past medical history and other basic information of the two groups subjects. Analysed the diet and recurrent respiratory tract infections relationship, analysed on Logistic regression on the influencing factors of repeated upper respiratory tract infection, diet structure. Compared the levels of serum trace elements, immunoglobulin（Ig） and T cell subsets between the two groups. Result Logistic regression analysis showed that failing to add vitamin A ＋ D, meat proteins, vegetables and fruits on time, liking sweets, often drinking soup were the risk factors of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Patient group serum vitamin D3, zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, Ig G, Ig A, Ig M, CD4＋, CD4＋/CD8＋ levels were lower than control group, CD8＋ levels were significantly higher than that of control group, the difference was significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Infant poor eating habits are closely associated with recurrent upper respiratory tract infection, reasonable dietary structure and guidance on effective prevention and treatment of infantile repeated upper respiratory tract disease has an important role.