近30年营口地区暴雨分布特征及类型研究

Research on Distribution Characteristics and Types About Heavy Rain in Yingkou Region Nearly 30 Years

利用营口地区1984—2014年近30年的暴雨日气象资料,统计分析营口地区暴雨的气候、地理和强度分布特征,并研究产生暴雨的天气形势,按主要影响系统将暴雨分型,分析各类暴雨的天气形势特征和分布特征,结果表明:蒙古气旋、华北气旋、江淮气旋、副高后部、台风北上和局地强对流是营口地区暴雨的主要影响系统;盛夏(7—8月)出现的暴雨最多,占全年的75.41%;营口地区北部和南部是暴雨的多发区,西北部是暴雨的平均强度大值区;营口地区北部是极大强度暴雨的高发区,但东部的极大强度暴雨强度较大;局地性暴雨受强对流影响最多占22.22%,区域性暴雨受江淮气旋影响最多,占27.78%;台风北上型暴雨的强度明显大于其他类型,局地强对流型明显小于其他类型;江淮气旋影响时间最长为7个月,副高后部最短为3个月;蒙古气旋型暴雨对营口地区北部影响大,华北气旋型暴雨对南部影响小;蒙古气旋型和江淮气旋型暴雨平均强度分布较为均匀;华北气旋型、江淮气旋型和副高后部型暴雨都有极大强度营口地区北部大于南部的特征。

Using meteorological data of heavy rain days of Yingkou region in 1984 —2014 to analyze climate,geography and intensity distribution characteristics of heavy rain,and then study the weather situation of rainstorm and dislribution characteristics according to the main influencing system.The results showed that Mongolian cyclone,the north-China cyclone,Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone,subtropical high at the back,the typhoon north and local strong convection were largely affected by heavy rains in Yingkou region;Heavy rain in summer（July to August）up to 75.41% of the annual;North and south of Yingkou region were rainstorm prewarning,the average rainstorm intensity values in northwestern area;Northern of Yingkou region was a high incidence zone of maximum intensity of torrential rain,but in the eastern part of great intensity rainstorm intensity;Local rainstorm most affected by the strong convective accounted for 22.22%,regional heavy rain affected by Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone up to 27.78%;Type northward typhoon rainstorm intensity significantly greater than other types of local strong convective type obviously less than other types;Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone influence the longest time for 7 months,subtropical high at the back of the shortest for 3 months;Mongolia cyclone type had big influence on northern heavy rains in Yingkou region,the north-China cyclone type storms affect southern small;Mongolia cyclone and Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone storm average intensity distribution is relatively uniform,North China cyclone,Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone type and subtropical high at the back of the heavy rain has characteristics that north great strength is greater than the south of Yingkou region.