春秋时期郑国罕氏家族政治世袭考论

On Han Family's Politics Hereditary System in Zheng State during the Spring and Autumn Period

世卿家族政治是春秋时期政治史上一个显著的特点,郑国的世卿家族政治主要以"七穆"八氏集团为代表。在这一集团中罕氏家族首先实现了对上卿职位的世袭,也是"七穆"中唯一一个实现世袭卿位制度化的家族。罕氏对上卿职位的世袭经历了子罕(公子喜)、子展(公孙舍之)两代人的努力,在子皮(罕虎)参政之初实现了"罕氏常掌国政,以为上卿"。自子皮之后,子齹(婴齐)、子姚(罕达)都世袭上卿之位。罕氏世袭上卿一职对郑国的政治和发展产生了极大的影响。

The hereditary system is one of the remarkable characteristics in the Spring and Autumn Period .And the perfect example of this political phenomenon is the “Seven Mu” groups in Zheng State .In the groups , Han family firstly inherited the official position of supreme chief minister and it＇s the only one group that institutionalized the hereditary system .Through the efforts of two generations of the family , Zi Han （ Gongzi Xi ） and Zi Zhan （ Gongsun Shezhi ） , the prosperous Han family as supreme chief minister held the reins of government in the beginning of Zi Pi＇s （Han Hu） administration.After Zi Pi, Zi Cuo （Ying Qi） and Zi Yao （Han Da） all inherited the official posi-tion .In brief , Han family＇s hereditary system had a great influence on the politics and development of Zheng State .