共轭亚油酸和维生素A对产蛋鸡免疫机能影响

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid and Vitamin A on immune function of laying hens

试验旨在研究共轭亚油酸和维生素A对蛋鸡免疫机能影响。试验选取30周龄健康褐壳蛋鸡216只,随机分为9个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复8只鸡,采用3×3两因素完全交叉分组设计,分别饲喂添加维生素A(4 000、8 000和16 000 IU·kg-1)与共轭亚油酸(0、2%、4%)试验日粮,试验期为6周。结果表明,CLA显著增加血清中总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白含量(P<0.05),VA对血清中总蛋白、球蛋白含量影响差异极显著(P<0.01),随着VA添加量增加,血清中总蛋白和球蛋白含量增加。CLA对血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G影响差异极显著(P<0.01),随着CLA添加水平增加,血清Ig A和Ig M增加,对血清免疫球蛋白M影响差异显著(P<0.05),2%CLA添加组血清中Ig M含量高于0、4%CLA添加组,随着VA添加量增加,Ig A、Ig M和Ig G含量增加,VA对Ig A影响差异极显著(P<0.01),对Ig M和Ig G含量影响差异显著(P<0.05),CLA和VA两者交互作用对Ig A、Ig M、Ig G影响差异极显著(P<0.01)。CLA对白细胞介素-2、肿瘤坏死因子-α含量影响差异极显著(P<0.01),且CLA添加2%时,IL-2含量最高,TNF-α含量最低。VA对IL-2含量影响差异不显著(P>0.05),对TNF-α含量影响差异极显著(P<0.01),随VA添加量增加血清中TNF-α含量增加,CLA和VA两者交互作用对IL-2及TNF-α影响差异显著(P<0.05)。CLA显著促进过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体γ(PPARγ)基因m RNA表达(P<0.01),VA对PPARγ基因m RNA表达无显著影响(P>0.05),CLA和VA交互作用对PPARγ基因m RNA表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。以上结果显示CLA和VA能提高蛋鸡免疫机能,且CLA和V A对蛋鸡免疫机能影响存在一定互作效应。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid（CLA） and Vitamin A（VA） on immune function of laying hens. Two hundred and sixteen healthful brown layers at 30 weeks old were randomly allocated to 9 treatments, each treatment has 3 replicates of 8broilers. 3 × 3 completely cross- group design was used in the experiment, in which the layers were fed the diets for 6 weeks with different levels of Vitamin A（4 000, 8 000 and 16 000 IU· kg^-1） and CLA（0, 2%,4%）. The results showed that CLA increased total protein, globulin, albumin in the serum significantly,VA had significant effect on total protein,globulin in the serum（P〈0.01）, total protein,globulin in the serum were increased with VA levels increasing. CLA had significant effect on immunoglobulin A（IgA）and immunoglobulin G（IgG） in the serum（P〈0.01）, and had significant effects on immunoglobulin M（Ig M）（P〈0.05）. IgA and IgM in the serum were increased with CLA levels increasing, IgG in 2% CLA treatments were higher than in 0% and 4% treatments. VA had extremely significant effect on IgA（P〈0.01）, and had a significant impact on IgM and IgG（P〈0.05）, IgA, IgG and IgM in the serum were increased with VA levels increasing, Between VA and CLA interaction had extremely significant effect on IgA, IgM and IgG（P〈0.01）. The interleukin-2（IL-2） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were affected significantly by the levels of CLA（P〈0.01）, and CLA with 2% in diets, the highest levels of IL-2, and the lowest levels of TNF- α. VA had no significant effect on IL- 2, but had significant effect on TNF- α（P〈0.01）, TNF- α in the serum were increased with the increasing VA levels. Between CLA and VA interaction had significant effect on IL- 2 and TNF- α（P〈0.05）. CLA significantly enhanced m RNA expression of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor γ（PPARγ）（P〈0.01）, no significant effect of VA on the m RNA expression of PPARγ（P〉0.05）. Between CLA and VA interaction had no significant effect on m RNA expression of PPARγ. These results suggested that CLA and VA improved immune function of laying hens, and CLA and VA interaction had a significant effect on the immune function of laying hens.