生态创业、绿色交通与城市公交政策:一种红绿观点

Ecological Entrepreneurship,Green Transportation and Urban Public Transportation Policy: A Conflict of Perspectives

一种真正意义上的城市绿色交通体系的构建,离不开适当的政策与政治前提和推动,而不单纯是一个行业内部的技术与管理创新问题。然而,过去20多年来,包括北京市在内的我国城市交通政策及其改革却日益走向了一种"去政治化"的方向,结果是,更容易采取资本化运作和市场化经营的某些交通设施建设及其运营受到特别青睐,而更多具有社会公益性质的大众公共交通却未能获得应有的重视和发展,相应地,城市交通拥堵和环境污染成为一个十分棘手的公共管理与民生政治议题,尤其在城市雾霾天气频发的新背景下更是如此。从绿色左翼的视角看,只有致力于一种更为广泛与深刻的社会—生态转型,才能为我们城市绿色交通的创建提供合适的背景和土壤。

The construction of a real green urban transportation system could not be realized without appropriate policies or some political prerequisite and promotion. It is not a mere problem of technology and management in￣novation within an industry. However,over the past 20 years,China′s urban transportation policy and its reform include that of Beijing is increasingly moving toward a″depoliticalization″direction,with the result that the con￣struction and operation of capital￣oriented infrastructures are especially popular, while non￣profit transportation projects failed to get attention and development. Accordingly,urban traffic congestion and environmental pollution,especially frequent fog and haze,has become a difficult public and political issue of management and the people′s livelihood. From the perspective of Green￣left,we could never provide the proper context and soil for green urban transportation until we are committed to a more extensive and profound social ecological transformation.