锦州市2012年-2014年手足口病病原检测结果分析

Analysis of etiological surveillance results of HFMD in Jinzhou during 2012 to 2014

目的了解锦州市手足口病的病原学变化趋势,为手足口病防治工作提供参考依据。方法采集锦州市妇婴医院临床诊断为手足口病的患儿咽拭子和粪便标本,用实时荧光定量PCR仪对病毒进行分型。结果采集的717份样本中肠道通用病毒(EV)阳性682份,其中其他肠道病毒所占比例最高为44.13%,3年间肠道病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.378,P>0.05);咽拭子和粪便样本的肠道病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.894,P>0.05);共有15例手足口病患儿同时采集了咽拭子和粪便样本,检出结果完全相同,均为肠道病毒阳性。结论锦州市2012年以来儿童手足口病病原体以其他肠道病毒为主,与目前我国手足口病主要以EV71型为主不一致;手足口病患者的咽拭子和粪便标本的阳性检出率差异无统计学意义。

Objective To investigate the etiological changing trend of hand foot and mouth disease（ HFMD） in Jinzhou and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Throat and stool samples were collected from clinical diagnosed children with HFMD so as to detect viral nucleic acid by real- time PCR technology. Results Among the collected717 samples,there were 682 enterovirus,and the highest proportion the other EVs took was 44. 13%,the positive rates difference of EVs in the three years had no statistical significance（ χ2= 0. 378,P 0. 05）; The positive rates difference of EVs in throat swabs and stool samples had no statistical significance（ χ2= 0. 894,P 0. 05）; Throat swabs and stool samples were collected from a total of 15 cases of children with HFMD at the same time,the detection results of two kinds of samples were same,both of them were positive enterovirus. Conclusion The major pathogens causing HFMD were other EVs in Jinzhou since2012,which has no accordance to the pathogen,EV71,causing HFMD in other areas of our country. The difference on the positive detection rates between throat swabs and stool samples collected from HFMD patients was not statistically significant.