低温和GA_3对凤丹种子萌发及碳氮代谢物和内源激素含量的影响

Effects of low temperature and GA_3 on germination and contents of carbon-nitrogen metabolite and endogenous hormone in Paeonia suffruticosa ‘Fengdan ' seed

研究了低温（4℃）和300 mg·L-1GA3对凤丹（Paeonia suffruticosa‘Fengdan’）种子萌发过程中子叶、上胚轴和叶原基形态及种胚中碳氮代谢物（包括淀粉、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质）和内源激素（包括ZR、IAA、ABA和GA）含量的影响。结果表明：GA3处理后第11天凤丹种子上胚轴萌发,且形态细长;经低温处理后第27天上胚轴萌发,且形态较粗壮。低温处理后种子萌发的幼苗叶片较大、株高居中、根系发育较好、须根多且长,生长状况总体上优于对照和GA3处理组。与处理后第3天相比,对照和低温处理后第27天以及GA3处理后第11天,种胚中淀粉、可溶性糖、ZR、IAA和GA含量升高,ABA含量降低;而对照和低温处理后第27天种胚中可溶性蛋白质含量降低,GA3处理后第11天可溶性蛋白质含量无显著变化。各处理组凤丹种子蛋白质电泳条带的相对分子质量多集中在12 000~80 000,在对照和低温处理后第27天蛋白质条带颜色均较处理后第11天略深,但条带数量不变。研究结果显示：低温及GA3处理均可导致凤丹种胚中碳氮代谢物和内源激素含量变化,促进种胚发育及上胚轴生长,但低温处理更有利于上胚轴萌发及幼苗生长。

Effects of low temperature（ 4 ℃） and 300 mg·L- 1GA3 on morphology of cotyledon,epicotyl and leaf primordium and contents of carbon-nitrogen metabolite（ including starch,soluble sugar and soluble protein） and endogenous hormone（ including ZR,IAA,ABA and GA） in seed germination process of Paeonia suffruticosa ‘Fengdan ＇ were researched. The results show that epicotyl of P.suffruticosa ‘Fengdan＇seed germinates and is slender at the 11 th day after GA3 treatment,and that germinates and is thick and strong at the 27 th day after low temperature treatment. Seedling germinated from seed treated by low temperature has larger leaf,common height,better development root,more and long fibrous root,its growth status is totally better than that in the control and GA3 treatment groups.Compared with the 3rd day after treatment,contents of starch,soluble sugar,ZR,IAA and GA in seed embryo increase and ABA content decreases at the 27 th day after the control and low temperature treatments and at the 11 th day after GA3 treatment,while soluble protein content in seed embryo decreases at the 27 th day after the control and low temperature treatments and that changes unsignificantly at the 11 th day after GA3 treatment. The relative molecular weight of electrophortic bands of seed protien in all treatment groups mostly concentrate in 12 000- 80 000,and color of protein bands at the 27 th day after the control and low temperature treatments is darker than that at the 11 th day,but number of bands has no change. It is indicated that both lower temperature and GA3 treatments can lead to changes in contents of carbon-nitrogen metabolite and endogenous hormone in seed embryo of P.suffruticosa ‘Fengdan ＇,and can promote seed embryo development and epicotyl growth,while low temperature treatment is more beneficial to epicotyl germination and seedling growth.