产后出血原因分析与护理体会

Analysis of the causes of postpartum hemorrhage and nursing experience

目的分析引起产后出血的相关因素,探讨引起产后出血的原因及采取的相应护理措施。方法对2010年1月-2013年12月本院产后出血患者的出血原因进行回顾性分析。结果本组1856例分娩产妇中,发生产后出血56例,发生率为3.02%,出血主要原因为宫缩乏力、胎盘因素、软产道裂伤等危险性因素,分别占75.00%、12.50%和8.92%。产后出血与分娩方式有一定联系,剖宫产的产后出血率为4.85%明显高于自然分娩的1.93%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;同时,有流产史、两次以上产次和胎儿体重〉4000g者,产后出血率会更高。结论产后出血发生率与多种危险因素相关。加强孕前宣教及孕期管理、重视产前保健、控制剖宫产、提高助产技术、加强产后观察和急救护理可减少产后出血的发生。产后出血的预防、监测,是减少产后出血的重要环节。

Objective To analyze the related factors of postpartum hemorrhage, to explore the causes of postpartum hemorrhage and the corresponding nursing measures. Methods From 2010 January to 2013 December to our hospital between postpartum hemorrhage cause bleeding were retrospectively analyzed. Results The group of 1856 patients in childbirth, postpartum hemorrhage in 56 cases, the incidence rate was 3.02%, the main reason for the risk of hemorrhage uterine inertia, placenta factors, the soft birth canal laceration and other factors, accounted for 75.00%, 12.50% and 8.92%. Postpartum hemorrhage had some relations with the mode of delivery, the rate was 4.85% higher than that of natural childbirth 1.93% cesarean section postpartum hemorrhage, there was significant difference between two groups（P〈0.01）; at the same time, abortion history, two times above parity and fetal weight 4000 g, postpartum hemorrhage rate will be higher. Conclusion The incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhage and a variety of risk factors. Strengthen the pre pregnancy and pregnancy missionary management, pay attention to prenatal care, control of cesarean section, and improve midwifery technology, strengthening postpartum observation and emergency nursing care can reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. The prevention and monitoring of postpartum hemorrhage, is the important link of reducing postpartum hemorrhage.