ALK与儿童恶性肿瘤关系的研究进展

Correlation between anaplastic lymphoma kinase and pediatric malignancies

近年来儿童恶性肿瘤的发病率有逐年增高的趋势,高危患儿预后差,且手术及放化疗等主要治疗手段的疗效已经达到平台期。靶向治疗以其可靠的疗效和轻微的毒副反应成为目前最受关注和最有前景的治疗手段之一。间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)是一种受体型酪氨酸激酶,近年的研究成果表明其异常与多种儿童肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。ALK的异常形式主要包括基因融合、基因突变、基因扩增和蛋白表达增加。随着ALK抑制剂在临床抗肿瘤治疗中的应用,针对ALK异常的靶向治疗获得越来越多的关注。本研究主要针对ALK在儿童恶性肿瘤中的异常以及与其发生发展关系的研究进展进行综述。

In recent years, the incidence of pediatric malignancies has gradually increased. High-risk patients have poor prognosis, and the main effect of treatments such as surgery and radio-chemotherapy has reached a plateau phase. Targeted therapy, with its reliable efficacy and mild toxicity, has become one of the most promising approaches. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase （ALK） is a receptor tyrosine kinase, and its abnormal forms include gene fusion, gene mutation, gene amplification, and protein overexpression. These aberrations play important roles in the development of childhood cancer. With the application of ALK inhibitors in clinical anti-tumor therapy, targeted ALK treatment has received increased attention. This article aims to review various studies on the relationship between ALK aberrations and pediatric malignancies.