不同针灸方法对膜迷路积水模型豚鼠听力及耳蜗形态结构的影响

Effects of acupuncture,moxibustion and electro-acupuncture on the hearing and morphology of cochlea in guinea pig models of endolymphatic hydrops

目的探讨不同针灸方法干预对豚鼠膜迷路积水的效应差异。方法 50只豚鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、针刺组、艾灸组、电针组,每组10只。采用腹腔注射醛固酮的方法诱导膜迷路积水模型。各治疗组分别在"百会""听宫"实施相应穴位刺激,每日1次,连续治疗10 d。治疗结束后,行听觉脑干诱发电位测试,观察听阈值。HE染色法观察耳蜗积水程度,计算蜗管横截面积与蜗管加前庭阶横截面积之和的比值(R值)。结果 1针刺组、艾灸组、电针组听阈值均较模型组降低(P<0.01),电针组听阈值较艾灸组、针刺组降低(P<0.01),艾灸组听阈值较针刺组降低(P<0.05)。2针刺组、艾灸组、电针组R值均较模型组降低(P<0.01),电针组R值较针刺组、艾灸组降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),艾灸组R值较针刺组降低(P<0.01)。结论针刺、艾灸、电针刺激"百会""听宫"均能减轻豚鼠膜迷路积水,并且改善耳蜗听功能。电针表现出最好的效应,优于艾灸、针刺;艾灸优于针刺。

Objective This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of acupuncture,moxibustion and electroacupuncture on guinea pig models of cochlear endolymphatic hydrops. Methods Fifty healthy male guinea pigs（ body weight 200-250 g） were randomly divided into five groups： the normal group,model group,acupuncture group,moxibustion group,and electro-acupuncture group（ n = 10 in each group）. Forty guinea pigs received a once-daily intraperitoneal injection of aldosterone in a dose of 100 μg /100 g / d for 5 days to induce endolymphatic hydrops. After a 2-month interval, the animals of the acupuncture, moxibustion and electro-acupuncture groups were treated with corresponding acupoints stimulation at points Baihui（ GV 20） and Tinggong（ SI 19） once a day for 10 days,respectively.We measured the hearing threshold of the auditory brainstem response（ ABR） and evaluated pathologically the degree of hydrops using hematoxylin-eosin staining,and then the ratio of scala media（ SM） area / [SM ＋ scala vestibuli（ SV）area] was calculated. Results 1. The hearing threshold of ABR in the acupuncture,moxibustion and electro-acupuncturegroups were all significantly lower than that of the model group（ P〈0. 01）. The ABR threshold in the electro-acupuncture group was significantly decreased in comparison with that of the acupuncture and moxibustion groups（ P〈0. 01 for both）.The hearing threshold of the moxibustion group was significantly lower than that of the acupuncture group（ P〈0. 05）. 2.The ratio of SM /（ SM ＋ SV） in the acupuncture,moxibustion and electro-acupuncture groups were all significantly lower than that of the model group（ P〈0. 01）. The ratio in the electro-acupuncture group was significantly decreased in comparison with that of the acupuncture and moxibustion groups（ P〈0. 01,P〈0. 05）. The ratio of the moxibustion group was significantly lower than that of the acupuncture group（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusions Our findings suggest that all acupuncture,moxibustion and electro-acupuncture at the acupoints Baihui（ GV 20） and Tinggong（ SI 19） can significantly suppress the development of endolymphatic hydrops and improve the cochlear function in guinea pigs. Electroacupuncture is the most effective in this experiment,and moxibustion therapy shows better effect than acupuncture.