广州市居民对永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰接受意愿及其影响因素分析

Acceptance and influence factor of central slaughtering of live poultry in residents of Guangzhon

目的分析广州市居民对永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰形式的接受意愿及其影响因素。方法于2014年1月6-8日，采用Mitofsky—Waksberg二阶段抽样方法，选取广州市拥有固定电话的家庭中≥15岁、听力正常的居民为调查对象，共358名，通过公共卫生公益热线对其进行电话问卷调查。了解居民对永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰的接受意愿。通过计算科恩效应量参数（W），比较调查对象与2010年广州市人口普查数据人口学特征的差异，并对性别、年龄特征进行加权调整。采用X^2检验比较不同特征因素调查对象对永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰形式的接受情况，采用多因素logistic回归分析影响居民接受意愿的因素。结果358名调查对象的性别、年龄与2010年广州市人口普查数据差别较小（W分别为0．13、0．28）；调查对象教育程度与婚姻状况与2010年广州市人口普查数据差别较大（彬分别为0．52、0．31）。永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰形式的接受率为49．0％（95％C1：43．7％～54．3％）。过去1年内，买过光禽、冰鲜禽、冰冻禽的调查对象对永久实施全市集中屠宰形式的接受率分别为54．3％（133／245）、60．O％（57／95），59．8％（49／82），分别高于未买过光禽、冰鲜禽、冰冻禽者的接受率[38．1％（43／113）、44．9％（118／263）、45．7％（126／276）]（x^2值分别为8．15、6．40、5．03，P值分别为0．004、0．011、0．025）；认为冰鲜禽比活禽口感更好的调查对象对永久实施活禽全市集中屠宰接受率为64．9％（24／38），高于认为口感不好接受率[47．0％（151／320）]（X^2=4．22，P=0．040）。男性、认为因市场购买活禽会导致感染生病、接受市场仅供应光禽、近1年家庭购买过活禽、若无活禽供应会减少购买禽类的调查对象对永久实施全市集中屠宰形式的接受率分别为58．6％（109／186）、59．0％（92／156）、60．7％（139／230）、44．9％（132／295）、36．6％（68／186），其OR（95％CI）值分另0为2．68（1．64～4．37）、1．72（1．05～2．82）、2．39（1．33～4．30）、0．29（0．11～0．74）、0．50（0．30—0．83）。结论广州市人感染H7N9禽流感疫情前期，永久实施全市集中屠宰的接受率仍不高；男性、认为因市场购买活禽会导致感染发病者、能接受市场仅光禽供应者接受永久实施全市集中屠宰形式可能性较高。

Objective To investigate a survey about acceptance of central slaughtering of live poultry in residents of Guangzhou. Methods We conducted a telephone survey by sampling residents with fixed-line telephone and with normal hearing, whose age is more than 15 years, by Mitofsky-Waksberg two- stage method during Jan 6th to 8th, 2014. 358 residents finished the telephone questionnaire by 12 320 health hot line. We investigated the acceptance rate of city-wide central slaughtering permanently. We comparedthe difference between the respondents and the 2010 Guangzhou census data by Cohen＇s effect sizes（w） and weighted by population age and sex. We used X^2 test to compare the acceptance rate of central slaughtering in residents with different characteristic. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to analyze the factors. Results The difference in gender and age was small between respondents and the 2010 Guangzhou census data （w value was 0. 13, 0. 28, respectively）, but that in education and marital status was large （w value was 0. 52, 0. 31, respectively）. 49.0% （ 95% CI： 43.7% - 54. 3% ） accept city-wide central slaughtering permanently. The acceptance rate of city-wide central slaughtering permanently in those who bought fresh, chilled and frozen poultry in their family in previous year was 54. 3% （ 133/245 ） ,60. 0% （57/ 95） and 59. 8% （49/82）, respectively. It was more than those who didn＇t buy fresh, chilled and frozen poultry （38. 1% （43/113） ,44. 9% （ 118/263 ） and 45.7% （126/276） ; X^2 values were 8. 15,6.40 and 5.03 ;P values were 0. 004,0. 011 and 0. 025, respectively） . The acceptance rate of city-wide central slaughtering permanently in those who deem fresh poultry taste better than live poultry was 64. 9% （24/38）. It more than those who deem not （47.0% , 151/320） （X^2 = 4. 22, 6. 02, P = 0. 040,0. 014, respectively）. The acceptance rate of city-wide central slaughtering permanently in the male（ OR =2. 68, 95% CI：1. 64 - 4. 37） and those who deem getting sick due to buying live birds from LPM （ OR = 1.72, 95% CI： 1.05 - 2.82）, who can accept only fresh poultry carcass supply（ OR = 2. 39, 95% CI：1. 33 -4. 30） , Who bought live poultry in their family in previous year（ OR = 0. 29, 95% CI：0. 11 - 0. 74）, who will decrease the consumption after ban on live poultry sale （ OR = 0. 50, 95% CI： 0. 30 - 0. 83 ） was 58.6% （ 109/186）, 59.0% （92/156） ,60. 7% （139/230） ,44. 9% （ 132/295 ） ,36. 6% （68/186）, respectively. Conclusion In the early stage of avian influenza A （H7N9） epidemic in Guangzhou, the rate of acceptance of central slaughtering permanently in residents was not so high. Who deem getting sick due to buying live birds from LPM, who could accept only fresh poultry carcass supply and the male more accept city-wide central slaughtering permanently.