国外普遍野稻种的引种研究初报

PRELIMINARY REPORT OF STUDY ON INTRODUCTION OF EXOTIC COMMON WILD RICE SPECIES

对引种国外普遍野稻的32个系统的特征特性在广州自然条件下进行了观察。结果表明,不同类型间的性状有较大的差异,但以株型匍匐、穗型直散、谷粒细长、剑叶长窄、中长花药、长芒、色紫、感光性强等的类型居多;在出穗期、株高和感光性方面,多年生型>中间型>一年生型,反映出普通野稻从多年生向一年生进化的趋势。芒长则相反,一年生型>中间型>多年生型。

This experiment was conducted at the university farm,Guangzhou in 1986.Thirtytwo strains of exotic common wild rice including Asian race,Oceanian race andAmerican race,were used for study.The main results obtained are summarized asfollows:1.According to the geographical latitude of Guangzhou(23° 08'N),the range of thetheoretical day length is:10.58 13.49 10.70 hours.In 1986,the range of averagemonth temperature was:13.9 29.3 15.8℃.Under these natural conditions,themajor characters of common wild rice have been observed.2.Among common wild rice strains,the dominant types are creeper plant type,erect and disperse panicle,long and slender grain,short and narrow flag leaf,long anther,long awn,purple color,as well as strong photoperiodism.The rank of magnitude of heading date,plant height and photoperiodism is perennial type<intermediate type>annual type within the Asian race.3.From perennial type evolving into annual type in Asian common wild rice,the evolutionary trend of characters seems to be found.Those are,from late to early(heading date),from long to short(plant height),from creeper to erect(plant type),from long and slender to short round(grain shape),from long to short(anther),from dark to pale(anthocyanin pigment),from long to short(flag leaf),as well as from short to long(awn)