青霉素菌渣资源化为饲料原料的营养价值研究

Nutrition Properties of Penicillin Bacterial Residue Utilized as Feedstuff

为探讨青霉素菌渣资源化为饲料原料潜在的营养价值,本研究以抗生素制药厂发酵剩余培养基(即青霉素菌渣)为研究对象,利用元素分析仪、电感耦合等离子发射光谱对菌渣中的非金属元素、金属元素进行了测定,并利用氨基酸分析仪、凯氏定氮法、DNS法、索氏提取法对其基本营养物质氨基酸、粗蛋白、总糖及脂肪含量进行了简单分析。结果表明:C、N、S、H 4种非金属元素含量较高,其中,动物体有机体常量元素C含量最高,质量分数为34.52%。相对而言,金属元素含量较低,其中K、Na等常量元素含量较高,4种重金属污染物Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb含量与相关国家饲料安全标准对照而得,均低于下限水平。此外,以蛋白质、脂肪和总糖含量为考察指标评价了青霉素菌渣的营养特性,并进一步分析了更有利于动物吸收利用的小分子氨基酸含量。结果表明:青霉素菌渣具有较高的潜在营养特性,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和总糖含量均较高,分别为568.767、82.919、320.51 mg/g,同时各种为生命体生长所需的氨基酸含量较丰富,其中苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸含量最高。

In this paper, penicillin bacterial residue was collected from microbial fermentation process in the antibiotic pharmacy as the study target to investigate the potential nutrition values of penicillin bacterial residue utilized as feedstuff. Nonmetallic elements and metallic elements in the bacterial residue were determined by use of element analyzer and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Simple analysis of the content of basic nutrients such as amino acid, crude protein, total sugar and fat was performed by application of amino acid analyzer, Kjeldahl method, DNS and Soxhlet＇s extraction methods. The results showed that the content of four non-metallic elements including C, N, S, H was comparatively higher. The content of C which was the microelement in animal bodies was highest with the mass fraction of 34.52%. In contrast, the content of metallic elements was lower, among which the content of macroelements such as K and Na was relatively higher. In comparison to the national feedstuff safety standard, the content of four heavy metals including Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb were all below the limits. In addition, the content of protein, fat and total sugar was taken as the indicators to evaluate the nutrition features of penicillin bacterial residue. Furthermore, the content of amino acid in the form of small molecules better for absorption and utilization by animals was analyzed. The results indicated that penicillin bacterial residue deposited potential higher nutrition values, with protein of 568.767 mg/g, fat of 82.919 mg/g and sugar of 320.51 mg/g. Simultaneously, the content of amino acid necessary for life growth was comparatively rich with the highest content of phenylalanine and methionine.