解析城市交通运输规划与管理的几种平衡策略

Analysis on Balance Strategies forUrban Transport Planning and Management

国内外城市交通运输规划与管理中存在诸多不平衡现象,如城市交通运行的潮汐式、向心式等.解决城市交通问题的关键在于运量与运能的随机动态匹配,即同步实现居民的出行需求随时随地都能够由有效地交通供给服务来满足,并确保交通资源的充分有效利用.阐述现状不平衡现象并结合国内外实践经验,解析了五种平衡策略：职住平衡;城市交通运输服务公益性与交通运营企业赢利性的平衡;城市公共交通运营服务计划性与居民出行自组织性的平衡; “行”的顺畅与“停”的有序的平衡;双向交通流的平衡,并提出其适用范围与实现途径.

Unbalance situations of urban transport planning and management, such as tidal and centripetal phenomenon, are very common in many domestic and abroad cities. The key to solve this issue is the randomly dynamic match between traffic volume and traffic capacity, which means that citizen＇s travel demands can be satisfied by the effective supply service simultanously in any place, as well as making the full usage of the transport resources. Firstly it analyses By analyzing the unbalance phenomena Considering the home and abroad practical cases, the following balance strategies are explained： job-housing balance, the balance between the publicity of the urban transport service and the profitability of the transport enterprises, the balance between the planning character of the public urban transport and the self-organizing character of the citizen＇s travel, the balance between smooth travel and orderly parking, the balance of bi-directional traffic flows, and proposed the adaptation scopes of each strategy as well as how the ideal balance can be realized.