同时蒸馏-萃取法(SDE)提取葱油及工艺优化

Extraction on green onions oil using simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction(SDE) and technology optimization

以新鲜大葱为研究对象,采用同时蒸馏-萃取法(SDE)提取葱油,利用毛细管气相色谱/质谱法(GC/MS)鉴定出25种化合物,其中含硫化合物13种,主要成分有:烯丙基甲硫醚、甲基甲基硫代亚磺酸酯、丙基甲基硫代硫磺酸酯、反式烯丙基丙基三硫醚等;醛类3种,2-甲基-2-戊烯醛、2-丁炔二乙基乙缩醛、3-丁炔二乙基乙缩醛;酯类6种,主要成分有:2-丁烯酸甲酯、3-戊烯酸,4-甲基-2-丙烯酸酯、2-丁烯酸乙烯酯等;酸2种,乙烯丁酸和2-甲基庚酸;醇类1种,2,4-二甲基-3-戊醇。在单因素实验基础上,选取蒸馏温度、料液比、同时蒸馏-萃取时间以及水浴温度进行正交实验,确定同时蒸馏-萃取法提取葱油最佳工艺参数为:蒸馏温度95℃、料液比1∶2(g∶m L)、同时蒸馏-萃取时间3.5h、水浴温度55℃,此条件下测得含硫化合物含量可达25.15mg/g。

Green onions oil was extracted by Simultaneous Distillation and Solvent Extraction（SDE） method from green onions,and analyzed by GC/MS, 25 peaks were separated and identified,which contents 13 sulfur- containing compounds,such as allyl methyl sulfide,methyl thiosulfinates,propyl methyl ester thiosulfate sulfur, trans allyl propyl three sulfur ether. 3 aldehydes ：2-methyl-2-pentenal,2-butyne diethyl acetal,3-butyn diethyl acetal. 6 esters ：such as 2-butenoate,3-pentenoic acid 4-methyl-methacryla.te,2-butenoic acid vinyl ester. 2 acidics,vinyl butyrate,2-methyl enanthate. 1 alcohol, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol. Four extraction parameters including distil-off temperature, ratio of liquid to material ,extracting time,bath temperature were optimized using orthogonal design based on single factor investigations for the extraction yield of sulfur-containing compounds. And optimum extraction condition for distil-off temperature 95℃,ratio of material to liquid 1：2 （g：mL）,extracting time 3.5h, bath temperature 55℃. Under these conditions,the average content of sulfur- containing compounds was 25.15mg/g.