模型试验中管洞沿程阻力偏差的水力要素修正

Hydraulic Elements Amendment for Deviation of Pipe On-Way Resistance in Hydraulic Model Test

在水工管道模型试验中,经常因试验管道糙率和管长与原型不能满足相似条件而引起水力要素偏差,根据水流能量守恒和连续性原理,充分利用局部阻力观测结果和沿程阻力的理论分析成果,有机地将模型试验与理论分析结合起来,研究提出了模型管长和糙率偏差2种工况分别对应同流量下修正水位与压力、给定作用水头下修正流速与流量及压力的公式,并指出了公式的适用条件和实际应用中需注意的问题。

The deviation of hydraulic elements is often found in hydraulic model tests,for pipe roughness factor and pipe length aren＇t similar enough to the prototype. According to flow energy conservation and continuity,taking full advantage of observed results of local resistance and theoretical achievements of on- way resistance,model tests were combined with theoretical analysis organically. Amendment formulars of4 combination conditions were put forward under the deviation of pipe roughness factor and pipe length,namely water level and pressure under the same flow,and flow velocity and pressure under same water head. Application conditions and issues in practical application were also proposed in this thesis.