新疆大型煤炭基地科学采矿的内涵与展望

Connotation and prospection on scientific mining of large Xinjiang coal base

新疆煤炭资源丰富,是我国第14个现代化大型煤炭基地。因其处于干旱和半干旱地区,故新疆大型煤炭基地的科学开发,首先就面临"煤炭资源大规模高效开采与极脆弱生态环境保护"这一矛盾,必须解决"生态环境保护性高效开采"这一科学难题。基于新疆煤炭资源的禀赋特征和科学开采面临的挑战,对如何开展"现有厚煤层综采技术的适应性、生态环境容量制约下的高效开采技术的选择性、保水开采与充填开采的可行性以及巨厚煤层与急倾斜厚煤层综采技术的原创性"等科学采矿课题的内涵、目标、特色等内容,提出初步构想与展望,以期拓宽我国大型煤炭基地绿色发展的建设思路。

Xinjiang province, abundant with coal resource, is the 14^th modernized large coal base in China. As it is located in arid and semi-arid area, the exploitation of Xinjiang coal base is trapped into the contraction between large-scale mining of coal resource and protection of highly fragile eco-environment. How to efficiently exploit coal resource in conjunction with eco-environment protection is a great scientific issue in Xinjiang Coal Base. This paper focuses on how to study on the connotations, objectives and features of the adaptation of existing mining technology in thick coal seam, the selectivity of high-efficiency mining technology restricted by environmental capacity, the feasibilities of water-protective mining and backfilling mining and the originality of fully mechanized mining technology in giant-thick coal seam and steep coal seam. The preliminary conception and prospection is presented in order to broaden the concepts on constructing green development of large coal base.