泌尿外科患者合并尿路感染的临床分析

Clinical analysis of urologic patients with urinary tract infection

目的对泌尿外科患者合并尿路感染的临床特点以及危险因素进行分析,为尿路感染的预防、控制提供理论依据。方法对该院2011-03～2013-03收治的416例泌尿外科尿路感染患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并与同期泌尿外科无尿路感染的398例患者的临床资料进行对比,分析两组预防抗菌药物使用情况、留置导尿、住院时间等方面存在的差异。结果两组留置导尿管例数差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,导尿管留置平均时间尿路感染组明显长于无尿路感染组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;尿路感染组预防性药物使用率明显低于无尿路感染组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。尿路感染组住院时间明显长于非尿路感染组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。尿路感染组死亡4例,病死率为0.96%,无尿路感染组患者死亡2例,病死率为0.50%,两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论泌尿外科尿路感染发生危险主要来源于留置导尿管、抗菌药物预防性使用以及住院时间等几个方面,可采取针对性预防措施提高患者生存质量。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of urologic patients with urinary tract infection and to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and control of urinary tract infection. Methods Theclinical data of 416 urologic patients with urinary tract infection treated in people＇ s hospital of Lingshan county from March 2011 to March 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Furthermore,the clinical data of the above patients and398 urologic patients without urinary tract infection at the same period were compared,and the differences in application of preventive antibiotics,indwelling urinary catheter,length of hospital stay and other aspects between the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results There was no significant difference in the number of patients with indwelling urinary catheter between the two groups（ P〉0. 05）. The average time of urinary catheter indwelling in the urinary tract infection group was significantly longer than that of the non-urinary tract infection group,and the difference had statistical significance（ P〈0. 01）. The application rate of prophylactic drugs in the urinary tract infection group was significantly lower than that of the non-urinary tract infection group,and the difference had statistical significance（ P〈0. 01）. The length of hospital stay in the urinary tract infection group was significantly longer than that of the non-urinary tract infection group,and the difference had statistical significance（ P〈0. 01）. Four patients died in the urinary tract infection group,and the mortality rate was 0. 96%. In contrast,2 patients died in the non-urinary tract infection group,and the mortality rate was 0. 50%. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates between the two groups（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Major dangerous sources of occurrence of urinary tract infection in urologic patients mainly include indwelling urinary catheter,application of preventive antibiotics,length of hospital stay and other aspects. Targeted prevention measures can be employed to improve the life quality of the patients.