驱蚊草(Pelargonium×citrosum Van leenii)挥发物成分的采集与分析

The Analysis of the Volatile Compounds Which Collected from Pelargonium×citrosum Van leenii

利用固相微萃取(SPME)和水蒸气蒸馏(SD)2种方法对驱蚊草的挥发物进行采集,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行分析。共分离、检测出化合物60余种,鉴定了其中的42种化合物。在这些化合物中,以萜烯和酯类为主,另有少量醇、醛、酮和醚类化合物。其中香茅醛、反式薄荷酮、香茅醇、甲酸香茅酯、荜澄茄油烯、β-波旁烯、表双环倍半水芹烯、β-古云烯等化合物的含量较高。香茅醛和香茅醇是有效的驱蚊成分。驱蚊草的挥发物和香叶天竺葵(Pelargonium graveolens)的挥发物的组成成分和相对含量都比较相似。不同的是香叶天竺葵的挥发物中未检测到香茅醛。驱蚊草的挥发物与香茅草(Cymbopogon citratus)的挥发物的成分差别明显。

The volatile compounds of Pelargonium×citrosum Van leenii were collected with solid phase microextraction（SPME）and steam distillation（SD）respectively,and then were analyzed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.More than 60 compounds were detected and 42 of them were identified.Most of the compounds were terpene and ester,except a small amount of alcohol,aldehyde,ketone and aether.Citronellal,trans-Menthone,Citronellal,Citronellyl formate,Cubebene,β-Bourbonene,（＋）-epi-bicyclosesquip hellandrene andβ-Gurjunene etc had a relative high quantity,Citronellal and Citronellal were mosquito repellents which had been accepted ever before.The volatile compounds of P.×citrosumand Pelargonium graveolens were similar,but there was no Citronellal in volatile compounds of P.graveolens.The volatile compounds of P.×citrosumand Cymbopogon citratus were apparently different.