微气候视角下苏州古典私家园林的植物景观营造

Micro-climate Perspective Study Based on the Construction of Plantscape in Suzhou Classical Private Gardens

基于国内外的研究,阐述微气候的概念和特征,指出其与园林空间、苏州古典私家园林空间的潜在对应关系,并以园林中最为重要的植物要素为客体,以微气候视角讨论苏州古典私家园林中植物景观如何营造具有微气候效果的景观。进而从植物自身生态特点、苏州城市特点、苏州园林空间及立意特点,重点分析了其中的植物景观在地域性的种植方式上、空间性的微气候营造上、融合性的生长方式上及精神性的立意表达上营造微气候的方式。最后提出启示当代设计的植物景观营造要点,以期为解读古典园林、创新当代园林提供参考。

Based on the general study at home and abroad,this article elaborated the concept and characteristics of micro-climate and pointed out its potential corresponding relationships with the spaces of gardens.The relationships were further exemplified by Suzhou classical gardens.The process of how to create microclimate with plants in the gardens was discussed.In addition,from the views of the plant ecological characteristics,unique features of the city,space and conception characteristics of the garden,some topics were selectively discussed,such as planting methods with local characteristics,construction of the microclimate within spaces,growth pattern of the integration of the spiritual conception and the expression in plantscape way.Several key points to build up plantscape that would enlighten contemporary design were put forward to provide references for understanding classical gardens and creating contemporary ones.