老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素注射依从性及其影响因素分析

The compliance of insulin injection and its influence factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

目的:了解老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素注射依从性现状及其影响因素,提高胰岛素注射的依从性。方法:对210例老年2型糖尿病患者发放问卷调查,了解依从性的现状,并分析影响因素。结果:胰岛素注射依从性良好者129例,较差者81例。胰岛素注射依从性差表现为:不能每天坚持注射(21.9%),剂量不完全遵照医嘱(32.4%),注射时间不遵照医嘱(39.0%),注射次数不正确(34.3%),不按指导部位及轮换原则进行注射(42.4%),不按时进餐(39.0%)。影响老年2型糖尿病胰岛素注射依从性的因素包括年龄、胰岛素认知程度、文化程度、收入情况、家庭支持状况、疾病知识教育接受情况(P<0.05)。结论:多种因素均对老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素注射依从性造成影响,针对这些因素,对患者实施健康教育并提供社会支持,提高患者对胰岛素的正确认识,从而提高其胰岛素注射依从性。

Objective： To investigate the compliance of insulin injection and its influence factors in elderly patients with type 2diabetes for taking corresponding measures to improve the compliance of insulin injection. Methods： Two hundred and ten elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated by questionnaire survey to know the compliance of insulin injection,and analyze its influence factors. Results： The compliance of insulin injection in 129 cases and 81 cases were good and poor,respectively. The poor compliance of insulin injection included non-consistent injecting everyday（ 21. 9%）,non-complying with the doctor＇s advice（ 32. 4%）,incorrect injection time（ 39. 0%）,incorrect injection time（ 34. 3%）,incorrect injection position,incorrect rotation principle（ 42. 4%）and non-eating on time（ 39. 0%）. The age,the degree of cognition,culture,income,family support and disease knowledge education were the compliance factors of insulin injection in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions： Many factors can affect the compliance of insulin injection in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Implementing health education,providing social support and improving the correct knowledge of insulin can improve the compliance of insulin injection.