可膨胀石墨／聚磷酸铵协效阻燃PUI泡沫塑料研究

Study on Expandable Graphite/Ammonium Polyphosphate Synergistic Flame Retardant Polyurethane-Imide

通过添加可膨胀石墨(EG)和聚磷酸铵(APP)单组分阻燃剂及其复配阻燃剂,制备了聚氨酯–酰亚胺(PUI)泡沫塑料阻燃体系,并对其阻燃性能、热性能、表面碳层形貌及力学性能等进行了研究。结果表明,在相同阻燃剂添加量下,复配阻燃体系的极限氧指数(LOI)值高于单一阻燃剂阻燃体系,PUI/EG/APP体系的LOI值由18.6%提高至30.9%。热失重分析表明EG和APP间的相互作用导致了PUI/EG/APP体系在高温阶段的热降解速率下降,残炭率显著上升。扫描电镜分析表明PUI/EG/APP体系在燃烧后能生成更加连续和致密的炭层。在相同阻燃剂添加量的情况下,EG/APP复配使用能够减少EG对PUI压缩性能的损害。

Flame retardant systems of polyurethane-imide（PUI） were prepared by filling single or composite components of expandable graphite（EG） and ammonium polyphosphate（APP）, the flame retardant properties, thermal degradation, morphology of surface layers after burning and mechanical performance were investigated. The results show that the LOI value of compound flame retardant system is higher than that of single flame retardant PUI in the same amount of flame retardant, the LOI value of PUI /EG/APP increases from 18.6% to 30.9%. Thermal gravimetric analysis indicates that the thermal degradation rate reduces at high temperature and the amount of residue significantly increases due to the interaction between EG and APE SEM analysis shows that PUI / EG / APP system generates more continuous and dense carbon layer after burning. Under the same addition amount of flame retardant, the combination of EG and APP reduces damage on the compressive property of PUI compared to use EG or APP individually.