常用第一、二代头孢菌素的体外抗菌活性研究

Studies on In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of the First and Second Generation Cephalosporins

目的了解不同生产企业的第一、二代头孢菌素对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的体外抗菌活性,为临床选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法选取临床常用的第一、二代头孢菌素制成药敏纸片,采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,按NCCLS(2002版)标准判读结果。结果不同生产企业的头孢唑啉与头孢唑啉标准药敏纸片对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的敏感率无显著性差异(P<0.05);头孢硫脒对金黄色葡萄球菌的敏感率与头孢唑啉无显著性差异(P<0.05),对大肠埃希菌的敏感率与头孢唑啉有显著性差异(P<0.05);头孢呋辛及头孢替安对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的敏感率与头孢呋辛标准药敏纸片无显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论不同生产企业的头孢唑啉对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的体外抗菌活性相当;头孢硫脒对金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗菌活性与头孢唑啉相当,对大肠埃希菌无抗菌活性;头孢呋辛及头孢替安对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的体外抗菌活性相当。

OBJECTIVE To Investigate antibacterial activity of the first and second generation cephalosporins of different manufacturers against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. METHODS Selected the first and second generation cephalosporins to made susceptibility paper,tested by Kirby-Bauer method,Determinated according to NCCLS（ 2008 edition）. RESULTS The drug susceptibility rates of Cefazolin of different manufacturers was consistent against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro; The drug sensitivity rate of Cefathiamidine was consistent with Cefazolin＇s against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro,however,it was different against Escherichia coli（ P〈0. 05）. The drug susceptibility rates of Cefuroxime was consistent with Cefotiam against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. CONCLUSION The antibacterial activity of Cefazolin of different manufacturers is similar against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. The antibacterial activity of Cefathiamidine is Similar to Cefazolin against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro,however,it has no antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity of Cefuroxime is Similar to Cefotiam against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro.