股东资源-资源基础理论的研究新视角

Shareholder Resources-A New View on the Resource-based Theory

文章基于文献回顾对资源基础理论的发展脉络进行梳理,总结了资源基础理论的研究现状。尽管近些年资源基础理论逐渐步入成熟阶段,学术界仍然存在对该理论的诸多批评,如研究对象的片面性、对"资源-竞争优势"的作用过程分析不深入、忽视资源所有者的作用等。对此,文章通过对企业资源的获取与利用过程的分析,提出基于资源的组合特征、考虑资源的产权属性且将资源观与公司治理相结合等研究思路,可以作为未来深入研究的方向,并在此基础上提出"股东资源"的概念。基于"股东资源"的研究关注企业资源的来源,不仅将"企业资源"的概念向更深层推进,深入分析资源背后的人(即股东)的特征对资源作用的影响,也更好地解释了不同类型的股东在公司治理角色、权力配置与参与积极性等方面的差异性。"股东资源"概念的引入,不论是对资源基础理论还是公司治理理论来说,都意味着一个新的研究视角。

This paper teases the development of Resource Based Theory（RBT） and summarizes its research status based on literature reviews.Resource Based Theory has evolved gradually into the mature stage recently,but there still exist many critiques about it in academic circle,such as the single-perspective of the object,not thoroughly analyzing on the process of resources to competitive advantage,ignoring the role of resources＇ owner.By the analysis of acquisition and leverage of enterprise resource,this paper argues that research on resources＇ combination characteristic,resources property right attribute and combining RBT to corporate governance research maybe the direction for future further research about RBT.On this logic,this paper also proposed concept of ＂shareholder resources＂.Research from the lens of ＂shareholder resources＂ not only promotes the deeper analysis of firm resources and pays attention to the man（shareholders）behind resources,but also better explains the difference of shareholders＇ corporate governance role,rights distribution and initiative of participation.The introduction of ＂shareholder resources＂ provides a new lens not only for Resource Based Theory but also corporate governance.