《张家山汉墓竹简》复音词研究

The Study of the Polymorphemic Words of Bamboo Scripts in Zhang jia shan Han Tomb

《张家山汉墓竹简》是20世纪重要出土文献,反映了秦至汉初语言的实际面貌,具有珍贵的语料价值。笔者从语义构成和词性构成两个方面对其进行分析,发现《张家山汉墓竹简》复音词具有如下特点:语法造词已经占了绝对优势;偏正式构词法最为能产;与先秦相比动宾式有了明显发展;结合稳固,有不少直到现在还在使用。

Bamboo scripts in Zhang jia shan Han Tomb,an unearthed document with precious corpus value,mainly reflected its original language from Qin dynasty to early Han dynasty. It＇s found that the polymorphemic words in this document,analyzed from the semantics and parts of speech,bore the following features： syntax coinage dominated the word creation; its modifying compound were the most productive; verb—object phrases appeared obvious when comparing them at the period with those in pre- Qin dynasty; it had strong vitality and many of them are still in use even nowadays.