迈克尔逊干涉仪测定金属线胀系数实验分析——升温测量和降温测量

The Experimental Analysis in Measuring the Linear Expansion Coefficient of Metal by Using the Michelson Interferometer

利用迈克尔逊干涉仪可精确测量微小长度这一特性来测定金属在一定温度变化范围内,热胀冷缩的微小长度变化,从而得到一种更加精确测量金属线胀系数的新方法。并分别进行了升温测量和降温测量。后经对实验结果及实验误差的对比分析,结果显示,降温测量相比升温测量,可极大地减小实验误差,提高实验精度。

The tiny change in length of metal thermal expansion and contraction can be measured with Michel-son interferometer,because this interferometer can measure a slightly small length with great precision. A new technique of measuring the linear expansion coefficient of metal is thus acquired. The experiment makes a heat-ing and cooling measurement. Comparison is made between the heating and cooling measurement, and the measurement errors were analyzed. The results show that the cooling measurement can effectively solve the large deviations problem in the heating method.