对外汉语离合词教学研究

Clutch Words in the Teaching of Chinese as a Foreign Language

离合词是处于词和短语之间的中间状态,是教学的一个重难点。对离合词的认识存在分歧、离合词的扩展形式多样以及对语法特点认识不清等原因,使留学生在离合词学习中容易出现偏误。在教学中,离合词的分级教学应依据离合词在日常交际中的使用频率、离合词使用的正确率、离合词在《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中的分布以及其涉及的相关语法点在《汉语水平等级标准与语法等级大纲》中的分布进行。

Clutch words which are an intermediate state between words and phrases are an important and difficult teaching point. Overseas students tend to make mistakes when using clutch words due to the divided understanding of clutch words, the varied extension forms of clutch words as well as a lack of understanding of Chinese grammar. Graded teaching of clutch words should be based on their frequency in daily communication, the accuracy in their use, their distribution in ＂Chinese proficiency vocabulary and grade outline of Chinese characters＂ and the distribution of related grammar points involved in ＂the outline of HSK level standards and grammar level＂.