手术医生术中血源性职业暴露调查

Intraoperative occupational exposure to blood among surgeons

目的了解某院手术医生术中发生血源性职业暴露情况,以制定有效的防护措施。方法对该院2011年6月—2013年6月发生血源性职业暴露手术医生的监测资料结合问卷调查,进行统计分析。结果共有49名手术医生发生血源性职业暴露(115例次),其中普通外科医生42例次(36.52%),骨科医生36例次(31.30%),妇产科医生31例次(26.96%),泌尿外科医生6例次(5.22%)。暴露种类主要是锐器伤,占61.74%(71例次),其次为血液及体液的喷溅,占38.26%(44例次);暴露部位前2位是手(49.57%)和面部(17.39%)。暴露发生后的紧急局部处理率为88.70%,上报率为55.65%。经追踪随访,发生职业暴露的手术医生均未因此感染。结论手术医生术中面临职业暴露的严重威胁。该院需加强职业防护培训,提高医务人员职业防护意识和能力,改进暴露发生后的处置措施。

Objective To investigate the occurrence of intraoperative occupational exposure to blood among sur-geons in a hospital,so as to make effective precaution measures.Methods Combined with questionnaires,the mo-nitoring data of occupational exposure to blood among surgeons from June 2011 to June 2013 were analyzed statisti-cally.Results A total of 49 surgeons sustained 115 times of occupational exposure to blood,including 42 times （36.52%）in general surgery surgeons,36 （31 .30%）in orthopedic surgeons,31 （26.96%）in obstetrics and gyne-cology surgeons,and 6（5.22%）in urinary surgery surgeons.The main occupational exposure were sharp injuries （n=71 ,61 .74%）,blood and body fluid splashing were 44 times （38.26%）;the top two exposed sites were hands （49.57%）and faces （17.39%）.88.70% of exposed cases were given emergent treatment,and 55.65% of exposed cases were reported.The follow-up found no surgeons were infected after the prompt and correct treatment. Conclusion Surgeons are at high risk of occupational exposure.Occupational precaution should be strengthened, occupational awareness and ability of HCWs should be enhanced,and post-exposure treatment should be improved.