SAPO-11分子筛合成及合成影响因素研究进展

Research advance in synthesis and synthetic influencing factors of SAPO-11 molecular sieves

随着经济的迅速发展,汽油消耗量持续增加,由此产生的大气污染问题日趋严重。因此,世界各国对石油产品的要求越来越严格,如何提高油品质量和降低污染成为重要课题。异构化反应作为提高油品质量的重要手段得到广泛应用。在催化异构化反应的催化剂中,SAPO-11分子筛具有良好的酸性、热稳定性和催化性能,在催化裂化、加氢裂化、异构化、异构脱蜡以及轻烯烃聚合等方面得到广泛应用。SAPO-11分子筛的合成方法主要有水热合成法和微波合成法。综述了SAPO-11分子筛的结构性质、合成方法及合成影响因素。SAPO-11分子筛合成中需要进行深入研究的几个方面为:(1)寻找更廉价高效的合成原料;(2)对合成方法进行改进,使产物组成可控;(3)提高SAPO-11分子筛的水热稳定性;(4)对SAPO-11分子筛进行改性,使其针对某些反应有更好的催化效果;(5)将杂原子引入SAPO-11分子筛骨架,制备出结构与性能不同的新型分子筛,并探索其应用价值。

With the rapid development of economy,air pollution is getting worse due to the continue increase of gasoline consumption. Therefore,countries around the world are increasingly strict with the gasoline products. How to improve fuel quality and reduce pollution has become an important topic. Isomerization reaction has been widely used as an important method to improve the quality of oil. In the catalysts for isomerization,SAPO-11 molecular sieves has good acidity,thermal stability and catalytic properties,and has been widely applied in catalytic cracking,hydrocracking,isomerization,dewaxing and light olefin polymerization. The synthesis methods of SAPO-11 molecular sieves are mainly hydrothermal synthesis and microwave synthesis. In this paper,the structural properties,synthesis methods and synthetic influencing factors of SAPO-11 molecular sieves were reviewed. It was pointed out that the research direc-tions of SAPO-11 molecular sieves synthesis in the future were as follows：looking for cheaper and more efficient synthetic materials;improving the synthesis methods to control the composition of the products;increasing the hydrothermal stability of SAPO-11 molecular sieves;modifying SAPO-11 molecular sieves in order to enhance their catalytic activity for some reactions;introducing hetero-atoms into the framework of SAPO-11 molecular sieves to prepare new molecular sieves with different structures and properties and explore their application value.