麦洼牦牛的随机扩增多态性DNA遗传多样性分析

Polymorphic frequency of genetic variation in Maiwa yak by RAPD

利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分子标记对麦洼牦牛粉嘴和纯黑2个选育群共100头个体进行遗传多样性分析,并用DCFA、Popgen1.32等软件分析了群体间和群体内的基因频率、群体分化指数(Gst)和基因流(Nm)等参数。结果表明:8个RAPD随机引物共检测到65种清晰谱带,其中具有多态性的谱带57条,多态频率为87.7%。在粉嘴群中,多态位点有45个,多态频率为69.23%,Nei氏基因多样性指数(H)为0.245;纯黑群中,多态位点有52个,多态频率为80.00%,H为0.260,显示2个群体遗传多样性均较丰富,且多样性相近。麦洼牦牛2个群体总的多样性指数(Ht)为1.877,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.455,H为0.280,表明麦洼牦牛的遗传多样性较丰富。纯黑群体与粉嘴群体间的遗传距离(D)为0.073,群体内遗传变异大于群体间。

To understand the genetic diversity of Maiwa yak populations,this study was conducted to investigate 100 individual genetic diversity of Maiwa yak（ pink and black lips breed） with RAPD molecular genetic markers. DCFA and Popgen1. 32 were used to analyze the corresponding diversity index of the groups,including the gene frequency,genetic distance,genetic diversity,population differentiation index and gene flow. The results showed that different random primers detected different polymorphism and total bands of RAPD,65 polymorphic bands were detected clearly,in which there were 57 polymorphic bands. The polymorphic frequency was 87. 7%. In the pink lips breed,polymorphic sites accounted for 45,the polymorphic frequency was 69. 23% and Nei＇ s gene diversity index was 0. 245. In the black lips breed,polymorphic sites accounted for 52,the polymorphic frequency was 80. 00% and Nei＇ s gene diversity index was 0. 260. The results showed that both of the two strains had rich and similar gene diversity. The diversity index of the two strains was 1. 877,the effective number of alleles was 1. 455,the Nei＇s gene diversity index was 0. 280. Maiwa yak＇s gene diversity was rich. The genetic distance between strains of black lines and pink mouth was 0. 073.