我国南方冬季和夏季肉牛体感温度研究

Effective temperature equation of cows during winter and summer seasons in Southern of China

针对我国南方夏季炎热和冬季阴冷潮湿的气候特点,得到此环境气候下的肉牛体感温度公式,并以此指导实际生产。选取6头15月龄西门塔尔牛,测定其环境干球温度(DBT)、湿球温度(WBT)和风速(V)及其皮温。结果表明:干湿球温度与皮温呈正相关(冬季:rd=0.92,P<0.01;rw=0.86,P<0.01;夏季:rd=0.75,P<0.01;rw=0.60,P<0.01)。在我国南方冬季气候环境下,肉牛的体感温度公式为ET=0.81DBT+0.19WBT-2.99V(r=0.87,P<0.001);夏季体感温度公式为ET=0.28DBT+0.72WBT-1.93V(r=0.93,P<0.001)。

This experiment was trying to gain the effective temperature equation of the cow in southern of China,where it suffered hot weather in summer and cold and humid characteristics in winter to further conduct production. Six Simmental cattle at 15-month-old were selected to measure their adaption to environment from the index of DBT（ dry bulb temperature）,WBT（ wet bulb temperature）,V（ air velocity） and m Ts（ skin surface temperature）. Viewed of all those data it found out that the DBT and skin surface temperature was positively correlated with（ winter： rd= 0. 92,P0. 01; rw= 0. 86,P0. 01; summer： rd= 0. 75,P0. 01; rw= 0. 60,P0. 01）. Under the climate characteristics of southern China,we could deduce the ET equation of dairy cow as： ET = 0. 81 DBT ＋ 0. 19WBT- 2. 99V（ r = 0. 87,P 0. 001）; and the ET equation in summer was： ET = 0. 28DBT＋0. 72WBT-1. 93V（ r = 0. 93,P0. 001）.