持续健康教育在糖尿病并发视网膜病变患者中的应用

Application of continuous health education among diabetes patients complicated with retinopathy

目的：探讨对糖尿病并发视网膜病变患者实施持续健康教育的效果。方法将280例糖尿病并发视网膜病变患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组140例。两组患者均给予常规的基础治疗和护理方法进行治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上应用持续健康教育。依据自我护理能力测定表（ ESCA）、自制自我管理能力调查表、视功能损害眼病患者生活质量量表对糖尿病并发视网膜病变患者的健康教育结果、自我管理能力和生活质量的水平进行评价。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果实施健康教育前两组患者ESCA 4个维度评分及总分、生活质量评分差异均无统计学意义（ P〉0.05）；实施健康教育后,观察组患者ESCA总分为（122.1±11.7）分,生活质量总分为（47.1±4．2）分,均高于对照组（106.0±10.3）,（34.6±4.1）分,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为3.692,8.926；P〈0.05）, ESCA 4个维度评分两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；观察组患者在对疾病的自我管理能力优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论持续健康教育能够提升糖尿病并发视网膜病变患者健康教育的效果,提高患者自我管理能力,改善其生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of continuous health education among diabetes patients complicated with retinopathy. Methods A total of 280 patients with diabetic retinopathy were divided into observation group （continuous health education and routine treatment and nursing） and control group （routine treatment and nursing） by random number table, and 140 patients in each group. Excise of self-care agency （ ESCA） , self management ability questionnaire （ SMAQ ） and quality of life scale （ for visual impairment patients） were used to evaluate the result of health education, self-management ability and patients′ quality of life. All data were analyzed by SPSS 18. 0. Results After health education, the scores of four dimensions of ESCA and quality of life were （ 122. 1 ± 11. 7 ） and （ 47. 1 ± 4. 2 ） in the observation group higher than （106.0±10.3） and（34.6±4.1） in the control group （t=3.692,8.926, respectively; P〈0.05）. Four dimensions rating of ESCA had statistical difference between two groups （P〈0. 05）. Self management ability for disease in the observation group was better than that in the control group （P〈0. 01）. Conclusions The application of the continuous health education can enhance the result of health education, improve self management ability and life quality of patients.