动机性访谈式健康教育对糖尿病患者自我效能的影响

Effect of motivational interviewing health education on the self-efficacy of diabetes patients

目的：探讨动机性访谈式健康教育对糖尿病患者自我效能的影响。方法选取2013年1—6月120例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为研究组和对照组,每组各60例。对照组由糖尿病专科护士给予传统健康教育与电话随访,研究组在此基础上实施一对一的动机性访谈式健康教育。应用一般资料问卷和糖尿病管理自我效能量表（ DMSES）于干预前、干预后第3个月及第6个月评价动机性访谈式健康教育的效果。结果干预前两组患者DMSES总分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。干预后第3,6个月后研究组患者DMSES总分分别为（20.13±3.78）,（24.93±4.38）分,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为4.397,11.716；P〈0.05）。干预前、干预3个月与干预6个月后研究组DMSES总分比较,差异有统计学意义（F=81.850,P〈0.05）。结论动机性访谈式健康教育可以提高2型糖尿病患者的自我效能。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education through motivational interviewing on the self-efficacy of diabetes patients. Methods From January to June in 2013, 120 patients with type 2 diabetes who were extracted conveniently from our hospital were randomly divided into the experimental group （ n=60 ） and control group （n=60）. Diabetes specialist nurses who had been trained in motivational interview were the interviewers. After the baseline evaluations for patients, motivational interview, the traditional health education and the telephone follow-up were used for the patients in the experimental group, but only traditional education and telephone follow-up for those in the control group. The self-efficacy and the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale was evaluated before intervention, after 3 months and 6 months intervention respectively. Results Before the intervention, the score of self-efficacy was not significantly different between the two groups （P〉0. 05）. After 3 and 6 months intervention, the total scores of self-efficacy in the experimental group were （20.13 ±3.78） and （24.93 ±4.38）, which were significantly higher than those before the intervention （t=4. 397, 11. 716, respectively;P 〈0. 05）. Compared with the scores before the intervention, the scores of the self-efficacy were significantly different after 3 and 6 months intervention （F = 81. 850,P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Health education through motivational interviewing can improve the self-efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes.