深圳地区2008年~2013年围产儿出生缺陷监测资料分析

Analysis on birth defects in perinatal infants in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2013

目的了解深圳地区围产儿出生缺陷的发生情况,为制定针对性干预措施、降低出生缺陷提供依据。方法依据《中国出生缺陷监测方案》,将深圳市妇幼保健信息系统中监测的2008~2013年围产儿出生缺陷资料导出后进行回顾性分析。结果深圳市2008~2013年围产儿出生缺陷总的发生率为22.53‰,随着年份增长围产儿出生缺陷发生率逐年增长（趋势χ^2=286.47,P=0.000）。6年间出生缺陷发生率前5位依次为：先天性心脏病（6.29‰）、多指（趾）（2.11‰）、外耳其它畸形（1.07‰）、唇裂合并腭裂（1.03‰）和马蹄内翻足（0.77‰）。除先天性心脏病和多指（趾）都位于前两位外,不同年份的其它出生缺陷顺位有所不同。确诊时间在产前诊断的占34.47%,产后7天内占62.68%,产后7天后占2.85%;超声波（52.02%）、临床（39.41%）和染色体（2.18%）是诊断的主要措施。结论深圳市近几年出生缺陷发生率逐年增多,尤其以先天性心脏病比例最高,应制定一、二级预防措施,减少出生缺陷率。

Objective：To understand the occurrence of birth defects in Shenzhen city,and to provide basis for targeted intervention measures and reducing the incidence of birth defects. Method：According to the request of＂Birth Defects Monitoring Program in China＂,the data of birth defects from 2008 to 2013 in Shenzhen maternal and child health care information system were exported and analyzed retrospectively. Results：The total incidence of birth defects from 2008 to 2013 in Shenzhen city is 22.53‰ and showed an increasing trend year by year（χ^2=286.47,P=0.000）. The top five types of birth defects from 2008 to 2013 included congenital heart disease（6.29‰）,multi finger（toe）（2.11‰）,external ear deformity（1.07‰）,cleft lip with cleft palate（1.03‰）and clubfoot（0.77‰）. In addition to congenital heart disease and multiple finger（toe）were located in the top two,the sequence of the other birth defects changed in different years. The rate of prenatal diagnosis of birth defects is 34.47%,Therate of post natal diagnosis within and after 7 days is respectively 62.68% and 12.85%. Of all the diagnoses,ultrasonic diagnoses account for 52.02%,clinical diagnoses account for 39.41%,chromosome diagnoses account for 2.18%. Conclusion：The incidence of birth defects increased in recent years,especially with the highest percentage of congenital heart disease. It should be focused on making primary and secondary prevention measures for reducing the incidence of birth defects