违法所得没收程序适用中的问题与应对

Problems and Suggestions on the Application of the Illegal Income Forfeiture Procedure

法学理论和司法实务目前对违法所得没收程序适用存在着诸多不同认识,如:在性质界定上存在民事诉讼程序和刑事诉讼程序之说,在适用范围上存在从严解释、适中解释和扩大解释等主张,在证明规则上存在证明责任和证明标准的纷争。从立法目的、法律依据和责任归属等方面来看,该程序属于刑事诉讼程序;在明确适用的犯罪类型,没收的对象的基础上,适当扩大该程序适用范围;在证明规则方面,一般由检察机关承担证明责任,并达到证据确实充分的标准,特殊情况下由当事人承担证明责任,达到优势证据标准。

Currently,there are several differences on the application of the illegal income forfeiture procedure between legal theory and judicial practice. Such as: the nature of procedure is whether,civil procedure or criminal procedure. How to define the scope of application,there are three different opinions: strict interpretation,moderate interpretation and expand interpretation. Which rules of proof should be chosen,there are arguments on the burden of proof and standard of proof. Through the analysis of the illegal income forfeiture procedure on the nature of procedure,scope of application and rules of proof in this paper,the author suggests that the nature of the procedure is criminal procedure,the scope of application needs to be expanded appropriately based on judicial( moderate) interpretation,and the rules of proof should be different with the general criminal procedure on the burden of proof and standard of proof.