神经美学的方法论问题研究

A Study on Methodological Issues of Neuroaesthetics

目前的神经美学研究涉及四大主题:审美体验的神经机制,审美判断的本质,审美奖赏的特征,审美创作的大脑原理。其基本方法主要包括脑电观测术、神经成像术、神经生物化学分析和功能神经解剖学定位法等来自神经生物学的定量手段,尚缺乏用以整合上述经验方法论的高阶系统理论方法,同时缺乏基于自上而下路径的系统整体解释性范式。因而其所获得的庞杂数据、浩繁表象均无法体现内在贯通的逻辑自洽性,研究者更无法据此抽析出深入和普遍的人类大脑的审美规律。为此,我们亟须对当代西方神经美学的方法论问题展开深入检视、梳理问题、探究症结,进而提出建设性的思想操作对策,借此推动它的方法论进步与理论创新进程。

Generally speaking, there are four major topics in neuroaesthetics study： the neuromechanism of aesthetic experience, the nature of aesthetic judgment, the characteristics of aesthetic reward and the brain operational principles of aesthetic creation, in which some quantitative methods, such as observation of electroencephalograph, neuroimaging, analysis of neural biochemistry, functional neuroanatomy positioning, derived from neurobiology, are adopted in the study. However, there have also been some shortcomings in contemporary study of neuroaesthetics in western countries, such as the absence of systematic theories for experience integration and a lack of interpretative models based on top-bottom route. Consequently, it is quite difficult for researchers to explore the aesthetic law in the brain. Therefore; it is of great importance for us to investigate methodological issues in western neuroaesthetics so as to promote both its methodology and theoretical innovations with constructive strategies.