中国城市政府管理体制的结构性突破——以上海市“两级政府、三级管理”体制作为研究对象

Reasonable Levels and Syncretic Functions—A Study on Shanghai's Government Management System in a New Governance Context

新的社会治理格局和社会治理体系的建立,要求实现一个多元主体参与的、以公共服务提供为主要方式的、以安全与和谐为主要体现的新的社会治理格局。在这个过程中,以往"两级政府、三级管理"的城市政府管理体制逐渐暴露出层级过多、效能低下、活力不足、公共服务能力较差等缺陷。而创新社会治理体系、提升社会治理能力,要求进一步减少政府层级、明确各级政府层级的职责和功能、强化条块之间的协调合作、激发多元参与主体的活力等,从而构建一个"层级合理、职能融合"的现代政府管理体系。

New social governance means multiple subjects, including people, social organizations and government, should pro- vide public services and make a security and harmonious social environment to each other. During the process, the government system characterized by ＂two-leveled government, three-leveled management＂ has gradually displayed its flaws in practice, such as excessive levels, low efficiency and vitality, and poor public service capacity, etc. In dealing with it, we need to make an innovative social management system as follows： first, the government level should be decreased and the function of each hierarchic level be clarified. Second, the coordination and cooperation between different levels and parts should also be strengthened. Third, the vitality of the participating subjects should be stimulated. In this way, we are likely to build a modern government management system with reasonable levels and syncretic functions.