新目录学派志:英国文学考据的兴起与没落

Bibliography's Biography: Rise and Fall of the British Textual Philology

通过介绍以沃特·威尔逊·格雷格爵士为代表的目录派三杰,在对文学文本基本物质形态从手稿到印刷文本辨伪和考证批评的基础上,经过厘定文本讹误和四次重要的学术论战,确立了作者的神圣地位,让文学成为绝对科学化的大学学科,但新目录派最终却退出了现代西方文论思潮。观照几乎同时产生于印刷术所带来的学术分裂期的中国乾嘉派,它能够客观对待经学作者,并形成了系统的治学方法,从而稳步发展为今天的朴学大潮,在此视阈下分析并阐明新目录派无法形成体系的原因,恰在于其过分强调科学权威性而漠视了文学本身的独特因素造成的方枘圆凿,藉此提出中国治学方法借鉴于西方文论批评的可行性。

The rise of the New Bibliography at the turn of the century of British Empire is in the growth of literature’s set-up as an independent discipline in the British universities.Instead of the compiling of books titles,New Bibliography i-dentified and classified the medieval manuscripts with the printing books in order to assimilate literature study into the scientific frame,which proved not a flawless methodology.In comparison the Confucian textual study mapped by Liang Qichao in the same century may help to reconceptualize the present decline of New Bibliography whose significance still locates as a counterforce against the theoretically impressionistic tendency of literary criticism.