中国与西亚地区贸易合作的竞争性和互补性研究——以“一带一路”战略为背景

Trade Cooperation Competitiveness and Complementarities of China and West Asia under the Background of Silk Road Economic Belt and Maritime Silk Road Strategy

在中央政府推进"一带一路"建设的新形势下,中国与西亚的经贸合作正面临新的历史机遇。基于联合国UNCOMTRADE数据库,文章依次测算了中国与西亚的出口相似度指数、贸易结合度指数、格鲁贝尔-劳埃德产业内贸易指数、布雷哈特边际产业内贸易指数以及显示性比较优势指数,分析中国与西亚双边贸易的竞争性与互补性。研究发现:中国与西亚贸易的竞争性比较弱;两地贸易联系更加紧密并呈现产业间贸易特征;中国优势产品以工业制成品为主,西亚则拥有能源资源优势,两地优势产品类目没有重叠,各类产品的竞争优势差距也较大,双方表现出较强的贸易互补性。中国可充分利用与西亚贸易的互补性和"一带一路"战略建设等有利因素,加强两地贸易合作。

Under the new situation of promoting Silk Road Economic Bell and Maritime Silk Road construction,economic and trade cooperation between China and West Asia has an opportunity of speeding up the development.Based on the United Nations UNCOMTRADE database.Export Similarity Index,Trade Intensity Index,Grubel-Lloyd Intra-lndustry Trade Index,Bruelhart Marginal Intra-Industry Trade Index and Revealed Comparative Advantage Index of China and West Asia are successively calculated to analyze bilateral trade competitiveness and complementarity.The results show that trade competitiveness of China and West Asia in weak.Their trade connection is increasingly closer with characteristics of intra-industry trade.Besides,advantage products of China are mainly manufactured goods while those of West Asia are energy resources.The fact that there is no overlap between their advantage products and a large gap in competitive advantages among various product groups indicate a strong trade complementarity.To strengthen economic and trade cooperation between China and West Asia,it is suggested that favorable factors such as strong trade complementarities and strategic Silk Road Economic Belt and Maritime Silk Road construction must be fully utilized.