明代白鹿洞书院教学活动起始考论——以学田为中心的考察

A Textual Exploration in the Starting Time of the Teaching Activities of Bailudong Academy in the Ming Dynasty

有"天下第一书院"之称的白鹿洞书院元末毁于兵火后,于明正统三年开始了第一次重建并开展了延师授徒的教学活动,但胡居仁、张元祯等书院教育家认为明代白鹿洞书院的教学活动应始于30年后的成化初年。书院教育家、地方官员等书院事件的亲历者从各自立场出发,对书院与书院学田重要性的不同认识,导致对教学活动起始做出了差别化解读,学田成为认识明清书院发展的重要线索。

With the name of ＂the best academy in the world＂, Bailudong Academy, destroyed in the wars at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, was reconstructed for the first time in 1438 and started its teaching activities in the same year. But some researchers think that starting point should be thirty years later. These different assertions are based on distinct understandings of the importance of Xue- tian （farmlands granted to the academy to provide it with financial sustenance）.