雨生红球藻中虾青素的提取及稳定性研究

Extraction and stability research of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis

目的:以雨生红球藻粉为原料,研究破壁方法、有机溶剂提取虾青素的工艺条件及虾青素油中虾青素的稳定性和破壁藻粉储存条件。方法:采用机械破壁和有机溶剂提取法,在单因素实验的基础上优化细胞破壁和虾青素提取工艺,并用分光光度法进行含量测定;从温度、光照、氧气、保存条件方面对虾青素稳定性的影响进行研究。结果:通过数据分析得出高压均质最佳条件为:50MPa、3遍,破壁率为94%,提取含量为36.4μg/mg,手动匀浆处理量为0.05g,匀浆10min,可使破壁率达100%;提取虾青素的最佳条件为:采用二氯甲烷溶剂,料液比为1∶20,在20℃水浴条件下,提取3遍,每遍1h;温度、光照、氧气都能影响到虾青素的稳定性,其中氧气对其影响最为显著,雨生红球藻粉的最佳储存条件是铝箔袋真空冷藏。

The processing of the cell wall disruption and astaxanthin extraction from H. pluvialis was studied. The stability of the extracts and its storage were also investaged. Mechanical and organic solvent extraction method were used and the process was optimized on the basis of single factor experiment, the content was determined by spectrophotometric method. The effects of temperature, light, oxygen and storage conditions were studied. The results showed that the optimum condition of high-pressure homogenization treatment was 50Mpa, 3 times. The disruption rate was 94%, astaxanthin extraction rate was 36.4μg/mg. The optimum capacity and time for manual homogenization treatment were 0.05g and 10min, the cell wall disruption rate was 100%. The optimum conditions for extraction were： extracted by 1 ： 20 dosage at 20℃ for 3 times （lh every time）, using methylene chloride as extraction solvent. The results also showed that the temperature, light, oxygen and storage conditions could affect the stability of astaxanthin, and oxygent was the most significant factor. H. pluvialis extracts should be packed in vacuum-aluminum foil bags and stored in cold condition.