言语行为理论视角下跨文化语用失误分析

Speech Act Theoretical Analysis of Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Failure

语用失误是由于说话者没有正确地使用言语行为来传递言外之力,或者说言外之力没有被听话者理解或接受。本文主要阐述由于文化差异、社交规则不同、语用能力等方面的原因所引起的言外之力的丧失、误解和不被接受。关于语用失误的言语行为理论的分析会丰富人们对跨文化交际的理解,并且会在了解跨文化交际、提高语用能力和加强文化交际意识等方面具有理论和实践意义。

Pragmatic failure is mainly caused by the speaker＇s inappropriate use of language,in other words,the speaker can ＇t use language to do the illocutionary act correctly,or the hearer can ＇t understand the illocutionary act of the speaker. The paper mainly explains the reasons of losing illocutionary act,such as the differences of culture,social convention,and pragmatic competence and so on. The analysis of pragmatic failure will help people rich the knowledge of cross-cultural communication,improve pragmatic ability and strengthen cross-cultural consciousness,it has both theoretical and practical significance.